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1. a short circuit allows a charge to flow along a different path from the one intended.In electrical devices, unintentional short circuits are usually caused when a wire's insulation breaks down, or when another conducting material is introduced, allowing charge to flow along a different path than the one intended.
2. fuse is a type of over current protection device. Its essential component is a metal wire or strip that melts when too much current flows.When the fuse element blows, the indicating pin extends to activate the micro switch or relay which in turn triggers an event.
3. The circuit breaker is an absolutely essential device in the modern world, and one of the most important safety mechanisms in your home. Whenever electrical wiring in a building has too much current flowing through it, these simple machines cut the power until somebody can fix the problem. Without circuit breakers (or the alternative, fuses), household electricity would be impractical because of the potential for fires and other mayhem resulting from simple wiring problems and equipment failures.
4.electrical overload- is a situation where the wiring to or within a machine or system is subjected to a greater electric current load than it was designed to carry, leading to excessive heating of the wires and a possibility of fire. This excessive current load can be a result of electrical insulation failure ( a short circuit) or human error. A correctly designed electrical system incorporates suitable overload protection devices to prevent damage should such a situation occur.
5. This excessive current load can be a result of electrical insulation failure ( a short circuit) or human error. A correctly designed electrical system incorporates suitable overload protection devices to prevent damage should such a situation occur. Fuses and circuit breakers are most commonly employed for this purpose.
6. In an electrical overload, it leads to excessive heating of the wires and a possibility of fire.In a short circuit, an accidental low-resistance connection between two nodes of an electrical circuit that are meant to be at different voltages. This results in an excessive electric current limited only by the Thevenin equivalent resistance of the rest of the network and potentially causes circuit damage, overheating, fire or explosion. Although usually the result of a fault, there are cases where short circuits are caused intentionally, for example, for the purpose of voltage-sensing crowbar circuit protectors.
7. A short circuit-occurs when conductors of opposite polarity are accidentally bridged by a conductive object or bridged to grounded metal. An arcing fault may be established that is limited only by the total impedance of the circuit. The arcing will continue until circuit breaker, fuse, or equipment ground fault protection device on the line side of the fault opens the circuit. Even if the short circuit protective device opens the circuit without any intentional delay, portions of the conductors and other metallic materials in the path of the arc may explode violently, showering the area with hot molten metal that can cause severe burns or death. The flash associated with the arc can also cause permanent eye damage. Finally, a short circuit may expel shrapnel toward the workman, penetrating clothing or the body.
Overload-leading to excessive heating of the wires and a possibility of fire. This excessive current load can be a result of electrical insulation failure ( a short circuit) or human error.

Regine Gia C. Matulin IV- Oriole